Monday, August 24, 2020

Research Papper Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Papper - Research Paper Example The assembling part has additionally been intensely focused on and assaulted by digital fear based oppressors and crooks. This has been done particularly to get to data about assembling procedures and control process. Digital psychological militant may assault producing enterprises frameworks in order to gain admittance to the information concerning the procedures and strategies utilized in that industry. This data may then be utilized somewhere else to fabricate fake products. Digital fear monger additionally assault the robotized machine control forms in order to cause mishaps in that specific industry. These might be politically persuaded assaults. The other segment that is focused by digital fear mongers is the medicinal services segment. The part has been in danger since it has not put resources into cybercrime security systems. These assaults may results into budgetary misfortunes and even passings. These digital psychological militant can get to the clinic information framework and for instance change the medication remedy of a patient coming about into death of the patient (Krasavin, 2004). The vehicle part and the basic framework of the nation are additionally top focuses of digital psychological oppressors. These digital crooks can utilize their product to meddle with for instance flight plans for request to create turmoil in air terminals. Correspondence frameworks have likewise been assaulted by digital fear based oppressors prompting access of essential data and private data of the American residents. Digital fear mongers have also focused on the instruction division in the United States of America. This has been for instance done through getting to the databases of different instruction establishments and changing the evaluations of the understudies or meddling with the educational plan. These psychological oppressors have additionally utilized the web to doing digital harassing so as to scare understudies. Notwithstanding that, students’ work and assignments have additionally been assaulted and meddled with through spamming and different malwares. Digital wrongdoing

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Business Management with Marketing

Question: Portray about the Essay for Business Management with Marketing. Answer: Presentation With the course of time, human asset office has increased noteworthy significance and it plays one of the significant jobs in building up the techniques of an association alongside taking care of the worker driven exercises in the association. In this manner, it very well may be expressed that in present days profoundly serious worldwide situation, it is practically outlandish for any of the associations to construct a decent group of the working experts without dealing with the HR cautiously. Klarsfeld et al. (2014) have expressed that the significant elements of the HR the board considers enrolling the individuals, preparing them appropriately, looking on execution evaluations, rousing them just as concentrating on working environment correspondence, security and some others. This particular research work would attempt to reveal insight understanding a few points of view of human asset the board alongside concentrating on methods of creating adaptability inside the working environment. So as to carry on the whole errand, Virgin Group has been thought about and the whole task would be investigated as needs be. Alongside that, spotlight would be shed on understanding the effect of equivalent open doors inside the work environment alongside the ways to deal with human asset rehearses in the chose association. In any case, it tends to be expressed that discussions are there with respect to the significance of human asset the board, as certain representatives view HR as the policing, damaging and organizing arm of the official body. Despite what might be expected, some see HRs as the guards, individuals who hold enthusiasm for worker concerns. Understanding alternate points of view of human asset the executives Visitors model of HRM as applied to Virgin Group Visitors model of HRM depends on the view that HRM is in a general sense not quite the same as the idea of Personnel the executives. His hypothesis contends that HRM is duty based rather than Personnel the executives which is consistence based. As indicated by this hypothesis HRM requires responsibility with respect to the representatives towards the targets or an association. HRM focusses on the requirements of individual HR as opposed to concentrating on the necessities of workers as a solitary square. This hypothesis contends that HR are the most significant resources for an association that should be enabled by the association through encouraging comments (Bratton and Gold 2012). Virgin Group is an association that has grasped Guests model of Human Resource Management. The HRM arrangements of Virgin gathering depend on the trust between the workers and the association. This association has confidence in positive worker commitment as a factor of inspiration. Virgin Group has a particular enrollment and choice procedure that depends on the rule of Guests model of HRM. The association accepts that HRM must be drilled if the workers are lined up with the destinations of the association. This is the reason, Virgin gathering places a lot of significance on employing individuals who are pulled in to the companys vision (Buller and McEvoy 2012). Another HR arrangement inside Virgin gathering that depends on Guests standards is the decentralization that is a fundamental piece of the associations progressive system. The representatives at each administration level at Virgin have considerably more freedom and dynamic force than their partners at different organizations. Since the representatives at Virgin have confidence in the hierarchical destinations of the organization it is expected that each worker should utilize their best judgment with respect to how to accomplish the authoritative targets (Clinton and Guest 2013). This additionally develops initiative characteristics in the workers. Since the organization accepts that straightforwardness and engaging the workers is at the very center of their HRM rehearses, Virgin gathering has likewise encouraged various methods of quick correspondence between the representatives. There are worker discussions, pamphlets and periodicals that flow inside the representative circles where they talk about a variety of things including how to make Virgin gathering a superior working environment for the representatives (Guest, Paauwe and Wright 2012). Contrasts between Stories meaning of HRM, staff and IR rehearses as applied to Virgin Group The characterizing qualities of Stories meaning of HRM are the idea of hard and delicate HRM. As per Story, Hard HRM is the act of overseeing HR in order to acquire an incentive from them. Hard HRM is worked around assessment and execution the board. The goal of hard HRM rehearses is the accomplishment of an upper hand as a profitable workforce. Then again, delicate HRM places significance on the connection between the HR of an association. Under delicate HRM rehearses the representatives are treated as important resources of the organization and the upper hand is drawn from the workers duty to their association. This is the reason delicate HRM advocates for the regarding HR as significant resources so as to develop responsibility in them, which can be a wellspring of upper hand for the association (Marler and Fisher 2013). As indicated by Stories meaning of staff the board, the attention is put on ensuring that the workers agree to the principles and guidelines planned by the association. It just tends to the conventional parts of the business worker relationship, for example, recruiting, terminating, pay and preparing. As indicated by this hypothesis, methods are given the most significance in Personnel the executives. He saw both Personnel Management just as Industrial Relations as the equivalent in idea just as training (Purce 2014). At the point when the HR strategies and practices at Virgin gathering are analyzed plainly, as it were, they are designed according to Stories delicate HRM hypothesis. The workers at Virgin are given a situation that supports their capacities in order to assist them with arriving at their most extreme potential. The organization has a lot of money related too non-budgetary awards for the workers on request to inspire them. The non-money related advantages, for example, advancement and acknowledgment are structured after Stories hypothesis. These prizes enhance the connection between the workers and the administration of Virgin gathering. The representatives at Virgin are likewise exceptionally engaged with the heading of the organization and the significant choices en route are taken by and large by the workers. This is an away from of workers contributing legitimately to the accomplishment of Virgins hierarchical targets (Sanders, Shipton and Gomes 2014). Suggestions for line administrators and representatives of building up a key way to deal with HRM at virgin gathering Above all else, the line chiefs at Virgin gathering need to comprehend the different ideas of HRM after which the HR arrangements of Virgin are to be structured. They need to breakdown the general HR procedure into noteworthy strategies that can be coordinated into the HR rehearses. They will likewise need to help change the general culture at the association. Different arrangements that compensate for the hierarchical culture inside Virgin gathering ought to be assessed to ensure they are in arrangement with the HR system (Stone 2013). The line supervisors are entrusted to work nearby useful directors, for example, the HR administrators. Line supervisors need to have a profound comprehension of what the HR methodologies planned by the HR administrators mean for the regular practices inside the organization. This is the reason line directors have the duty to ensure that the HR procedures concocted by the HR group don't hurt the business activities of Virgin gathering. All the HR capacities at Virgin are influenced by the HR methodologies. For instance, the activity assessment methods utilized inside Virgin gathering must be rethought to ensure that the value of a vocation is chosen dependent on the commitment it makes to the general targets and objectives of Virgin gathering. Execution the executives and examination will be founded uniquely on the genuine exhibition of the representatives and different factors, for example, the time spent at work and status of the workers won't be considered (Van De Voorde et al. 20 12). Understanding methods of creating adaptability inside the working environment Clarify how a model of adaptability may be applied in Virgin Group There are many kind of adaptability that can be applied to Virgin Atlantic. Atkinsons model specifically contains 4 sorts of adaptability includes useful, numerical, budgetary and fleeting. This model of adaptability can be applied at Virgin Atlantic by isolating the representatives into center and fringe workforces. The center workforce could incorporate the worker who completes the center functionalities of the firm like directing and taking care of the visitors. Then again, the fringe workforce could incorporate representatives who don't do the center tasks of the firm. These could incorporate office collaborators, drivers, information passage workers, clerks, attorneys and so forth. The fringe workforce can be selected on a legally binding premise (Stone 2013). The center workforce should be prepared by the firm since they do the center tasks of the firm that will at last choose its prosperity. They ought to likewise have better possibilities for profession advancement. The fringe workforce shouldn't be prepared by the organization. The center workforce ought to likewise have preferred professional stability over the fringe workforce (Guest, Paauwe and Wright 2012). Talk about the kinds of adaptability which might be created by Virgin gathering Virgin Group can create practical, numerical, separating and transient adaptability inside the association. Utilitarian adaptability is the organizations capacity to convey the HR dependent on errands. This is accomplished via preparing the representatives in numerous ranges of abilities with the goal that they can play out the obligations of customarily various occupations. For instance, Virgin gathering could prepare the airline stewards in client care so th

Sunday, July 19, 2020

Fantastic Future Nora Jemisin

Fantastic Future Nora Jemisin The Fantastic Future Spotlight is a series of posts highlighting writers in the fantasy and science fiction field who are not only producing great work, but are actively contributing to progress and pushing against the norms of the genre. A drink in our hands, we talk about what most publishing folks talk about when they’re off the clock: books! Fresh beer  in hand, I jumped into a conversation about Orbit books, Hachette’s science fiction/fantasy imprint. “They do great stuff. Love Nora Jemisin’s work.” A friend of mine nodded, sipped their drink. “I just wish more people read her, they said. Some folks see a woman of color writing epic fantasy and they don’t give her a chance. “People really won’t read her because of that? What the hell?” It was boggling to me, (still is), that there are readers out there who will refuse to read the work of a writer because they are a woman or a person of color, let alone both. My friend only smiled sadly, shrugged. I may have at this point yelled something akin to, “But that’s horseshit! Her stuff is great!” There has never once been a book of hers that didn’t make me feel utterly wrenched through and through by the end of it. As the conversation moved on, I knew I couldn’t let it go. I knew who I had to spotlight next for Book Riot. Jemisin first came on the scene with her novel, The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms, the first book in her Inheritance Trilogy. A novel of gods enslaved by their followers, a young woman on the fringes forced to survive the power struggles of an empire, set far from the standard Eurocentric model,it rattled the genre world with its incredible depth, pain and power. The next two novels in the Inheritance Trilogy, The Broken Kingdoms and The Kingdom of Gods, follow this world into the future as we see what time does to man and god alike, and the consequences of that empire. With influences of Hinduism, Jung, Christianity and more, combined with cutting prose, overwhelming compassion, and characters that range in ethnicity, sexuality, age, ability, creed and mortality, Jemisin’s Inheritance Trilogy is intoxicating. Her devotion to showcasing the Other in settings that break the unwritten canon of standard fantasy storytelling is just one of The Inheritance Trilogy’s major triumphs and would be a calling card of Jemisin’s work to come. Her next series was the Dreamblood duology, The Killing Moon and The Shadowed Sun respectively. Epic fantasy inspired by Egyptian mythology and culture, Jemisin follows the Gatherers, a priesthood of the goddess Hananja, tasked to walk the dreams of its citizens, ensuring peace is kept in the city-state of Gujareeh. Another success, it pushed even further into worlds and cultures unexplored by fantasy literature, while still examining the consequences of empire and religion on a moon orbiting a gas giant. Jemisin doesn’t shy away from the things that make us human. She charges headlong into the muck and mire that we all wade through: our overwhelming obsession with power and control, our hunger for healthy sexual relationships and the pain that can come of seeking them, and our quest to reconcile what our faith demands of us against what we demand of our faith. She doesn’t play it coy, either. When bodies press against each other, you can feel the passion and anxiety of two people meeting each other in the dark. I find her honest exploration and appraisal of sex, sexuality, and relationships in fantasy literature to be incredibly refreshing. Too often, sex in fantasy lit can be depicted as brutalized, decadent or ignored. Jemisin takes the time to explore the power that can come of a healthy (or unhealthy) sexual relationship and its reverse, in many different gendered and sexual pairings. And after all this, even if her fiction doesn’t appeal to you (though I hope it does), her essays, nonfiction, and blog posts are absolutely worth your time. Jemisin takes to task those who view the world through a narrow, hate-filled and destructive lens with fiery courage and sharp, unapologetic prose, while at the same time offering critiques and solutions to the problems she sees. A pillar of support for the genre community, Jemisin vehemently encourages others to rise up and fight against the hate and bigotry that exists. (Her Guest of Honor speech at Wiscon 38, addressed recent racist and sexist attacks within the genre community. Her call to arms response is a thing of beauty). Nora Jemisin witnesses in her writing. She doesn’t turn from the pain in our lives), but she also revels love, compassion, and magic. Her unflinching exploration of power, religion, sexuality and the Other, in worlds inspired from cultures and mythologies around the globe are what set her apart from the norm. Jemisin deserves to be read, far and wide and to the ends of the earth. With a new series on the way from Orbit, Jemisin’s star is only going to burn hotter, rise higher, and shine brighter. Keep your eyes on that star. It’s going to some great places and you don’t want to miss it. Sign up to Swords Spaceships to  receive news and recommendations from the world of science fiction and fantasy. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

How the Youth Do Develop Their Thoughts and Interpretations about Sexual Identity Free Essay Example, 2750 words

The paper explores why some young adults develop a desire to become a professional health educator so that young people will not have unanswered questions about their sexuality due to their family and friends own private embarrassment of answering them. This should never be the case because it does impinge upon their developing needs and their psychological development with regard to sexual identity without question (Dupras et al 2001, pg. 108). Together these studies lead to the conclusion that students and parents do not feel comfortable discussing sexual issues. It also implies that students want to be different in their parenting skills when it comes to sexual education. Other issues that affect the growing developing minds of young adults are the questions that they never get answered, which is something that was mentioned. However, there are those that do tackle these issues despite the repercussions they might face within society. Issues that are more in-depth sexually ar e simply not talked about and this does affect intimacy levels later in life and also research has found that for females it can directly affect them in enjoying their bodies sexually because they have too many fears and unanswered questions. Much of this has to do with religious paranoia from adults in society. For example and to validate this, studies have proven that the Christians restrictive attitude towards sex places adversities in sexual education and understanding for the youth population. We will write a custom essay sample on How the Youth Do Develop Their Thoughts and Interpretations about Sexual Identity or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

She Walks in Beauty Free Essays

George Gordon Byron was a well known romantic poet in the 19th century, a passionate womanizer as well as a hero in Greece. He was born in London in 1788, and became a Lord in 1798 when he inherited the title and the estate from his great-uncle (Gamber). Thus he became the well known Lord Byron. We will write a custom essay sample on She Walks in Beauty or any similar topic only for you Order Now Several months before meeting his first wife, Lord Byron attended a party at Lady Sitwell’s at June 1814 (Gamber). Mrs. Wilmot, Lord Byron’s beautiful cousin, attended the party in a black mourning dress. The poet became captivated by his cousin’s alluring beauty; her fair face contrasting with her dark hair and dress. Inspired by the opposing shades that created such an attractive woman, he wrote a poem about her in 1814 (Gamber). In Lord Byron’s â€Å"She Walks in Beauty,† motifs, personification and imagery express the theme that the combining of light and dark reflect a perfect inner and outer beauty. Lord Byron connects two pairs of motifs in â€Å"She Walks in Beauty† to establish the theme. One motif is dark and light while the other is inner and outer beauty. Throughout the poem he combines the negative and positive things of a woman and creates a perfect whole (â€Å"Lord†). â€Å"She walks in beauty, like the night/ Of cloudless climes and starry skies;†(1-2) These first two lines combine night with stars to illustrate that without stars the night would be a black void, but together, they illustrate a shimmering sky. â€Å"And all that’s best of dark and bright/ Meet in her aspect and her eyes:/ Thus mellow’d to that tender light†(3-5) Here two opposing forces meet in this woman to create a mellowed whole (â€Å"She†). This ties back to the theme because the inner and outer beauty of the woman act as positive reflections of each other as the outcome of the balance in between dark and light. â€Å"The smiles that win, the tints that glow. † (15) The woman has a tender aspect and a glowing smile, both of which are attractive outer beauties. â€Å"A mind at peace with all below,/ A heart whose love is innocent! † (17-18) Byron describes her as having a peaceful mind and virtuous heart, meaning her conscience is also perfect. The woman’s entire being is perfect because of the proportion between the dark and light meeting in her (â€Å"Analysis†). Byron states that if she had â€Å"One shade the more, one ray the less,† (7) she would be half as splendid. Together good and bad become tender, and both the body and soul of this woman reflect this tenderness. Personification creates a romantic image of the woman’s physical and mental figure to accent the effects of the bond of dark and light. Byron uses this to emphasize that the woman is only so beautiful because of this bond, as said in the theme. Byron first personifies Heaven by giving it the attribute to deny something. â€Å"Thus mellow’d to that tender light/Which heaven to gaudy day denies. (5-6) The personification of heaven shows that her beauty has a â€Å"tender light† that is unlike daytime —which is flashy—but so tender that heaven denies daytime the honor of having (â€Å"She†). This connects to the theme because the woman is only tender because light and bright meet in her. Byron then personifies her thoughts by giv ing them the ability to express to show how gentle the woman is (Cummings). â€Å"Where thoughts serenely sweet express†(11) The following line states that her thought’s home is pure and dear. â€Å"How pure, how dear their dwelling-place. (12) Since thoughts are not physical and cannot have a literal â€Å"dwelling-place† Byron uses personification to stress her virtuousness (Cummings). This can be tied to the theme because the previous lines implement the balance of shades and rays which are followed by the personification of her pure mind. Her pure mind is something inside her that cannot be seen; it is an inner beauty. â€Å"The smiles that win, the tints that glow,/But tell of days in goodness spent,† (15-16) Her smiles win over people’s hearts but reflect good morality. Smiles cannot speak, so Byron personifies them with the ability to â€Å"tell† of how good the woman is. A smile is an outer beauty, a mind is an inner beauty, and this connects with the theme regarding the fact that her inner and outer beauty are in a perfect pair. Lord Byron captures the radical difference of illumination and shade with imagery. He also describes the woman’s appearance with this literary device. In the first line, Byron creates an obscure vision for the reader. â€Å"She walks in beauty, like the night. †(1) Night is black and somber, and this line is used to make the feel reader insecure and unsure. However, in the next line, Byron introduces the radiance of stars, which perfects the image of the woman’s likeness to the night (â€Å"She†). â€Å"Of cloudless climes and starry skies;†(2) Without the introduction of stars into the black night, the woman would be incomplete. This ties back to the theme because the woman’s beauty is complete because she is not only obscure but also radiant. Byron uses imagery to describe the woman’s fair skin in contrast with her raven colored hair to visually show how beautiful dark and light can be together. â€Å"One shade the more, one ray the less,/Had half impair’d the nameless grace/ Which waves in ever raven ress/Or softly lightens o’er her face;† (7-10) He states that if anything changed, if the woman had more light or more darkness in her, she wouldn’t be as splendid. This stresses the theme in the sense that the woman has the perfect amount of each contrasting force (â€Å"Analysis†). In the last stanza Byron positively uses imagery to illustrate the woman’s face. â€Å"And so on that cheek, and o’er that brow,/So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,† (13-14) The woman’s face is not only delicate but also dazzling. Byron finalizes all the sums of dark and bright to finally show the overall product—A beautiful woman, in and out. Through motifs, personification and imagery, Lord Byron establishes that with the combination of light and dark, a woman attains a perfect inner and outer beauty. The two motifs in his poem are dark and light as well as inner and outer beauty. Byron uses personification to develop the woman’s physical and mental attributes. Imagery is used as a visual aid for the readers to imagine the woman’s beauty. Throughout the poem he stresses that the good and bad things of a woman is what makes her perfect. The woman’s beauty is a reflection of her pure ways, which only exist because of the balance of light and dark in her. How to cite She Walks in Beauty, Papers

Sunday, April 26, 2020

Mendel’s Law of Independence free essay sample

Mendel’s Law of Independence- this is where Mendel discovered that two people having the same organisms will have their own independent assortment of organisms. This discovery was made after he had experimented with plants that had differences in traits in multiple ways. Assuming the genetics is passed f to the offspring random and independently of each other. There was much random pairing of subsequent pairing. The other hypothesis that Mendel mentioned, in the text was the dominate allele. In this hypothesis he discovered how to determine heritable traits. In my own words he discovered that we can have offspring of different traits however if there is dominance in the genes they will rule the gene. The example for the laws of independence is if two genes were introduced they could provide genes that dominate. Like the puppies in the text, the dominating gene is the darker one so that one dominated the other genes. We will write a custom essay sample on Mendel’s Law of Independence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Tempest, Great response! I agree that Mendel’s hypothesis are like bingo balls with the variety of heritable traits that are transferred between the genes that we are made of! Just because the parent may have the gene yet it is not visible is the gene transferable? Some of the genes that my grandmother had I now have and everyone said that I would be another! This is possible of the units of genes that make us each our own individual! Do you feel that he was experimenting just because or was he instinctually trying to find the answer to heritable traits? Faisal, Great response! I agree that the discovery that Mandel made about the law of independence is very true! By experimenting with the plant seeds he discovered genes and the purpose of them. I understand that the pups born in the example will have the genetic makeup of the parents or their parents. Genes are genetic qualities passed down randomly, so do you think that an individual can produce an offspring of more distant relative? The most common features of physical security begin with the wide use of the three D’s. Detect, deter, and deny access is the most used in the physical security field. Detect the individual who has breached security, deter the indivisible away from potential happenings; and then deny access of the particular environment or asset. Seeing how this is physical security the most commonly used are lighting systems, locks, and alarm systems, both because they serve as a distraction to the criminal. Lights allow the criminal little access and the alarm brings attention to the occurrence, 24 hours a day. I feel that the age of technology has exceled because most common used physical security is motion detected. Locks keep the crime from instantly happening. Intruders would have to break in if locks were used. However the least commonly used is the actual security guard and key locks. Reason being is that the age of technology is advancing and so is physical security. Lyndi, Great response! I agree that locks serve the purpose of keeping immediate access limited. Do the changes of computerized locks affect the ability to keep control the physical security issues a business may have? The lights as a physical security purpose is one of the most used protections against crime because of the unavailability of the darkness and the individual getting caught. However I feel that the use of actual security guards is a thing of the past! Do you feel that the career of a plain security guard will soon fade do to the advancement in technology. Jennifer, Great response! There are many extant features of physical security purposes however the one that works for one area may not for another. I find it very interesting that you mentioned motion detecting lights! The purpose of the motion is to alert the individual they are attempting to enter somewhere noticeable. So do you feel that in the near future the selection of motion detecting physical security will be a bigger demand? I would love to hear your opinion on the future of physical security.

Wednesday, March 18, 2020

Refugees in Africa

Refugees in Africa Report on Refugees in Africaaka Da Foo-Gees ihn AhfrikahDefinition:A refugee is a person who has fled or been expelled from his or her country of origin because of natural catastrophe, war or military occupation, or fear of religious, racial, or political persecution. (Funk and Wagnalls New Encyclopedia).Where African refugees are found:Africa, with more than 600 different ethnic groups, has about one-third of the world's refugees, people uprooted by famine or by political liberation struggles and escaping racial and ethnic oppression and economic hardship. Caught in the turmoil that characterizes developing nations in the 20th century, some African nations have refugees going both in and out of their country, something that exists nowhere else.There are currently over 6,500,000 refugees in Africa. Here is a small list of how many they are, and where they can be found:‚Â ® Zaire: This country has by far the largest number of refugees in Africa.Refugees waiting to leave the campO n the 21st of November 1996, the High Commissioner reported that over 1.4 million Rwandan Hutus were currently in this country. In addition there are about 500,000 Angolan, Sudanese and Burundi refugees in Zaire.‚Â ® Malawi is inhabited by 700,000 refugees from Mozambique.‚Â ® Sudan: The 650,000 refugees in Sudan come from Eritrea, Ethiopia and Chad‚Â ® Guinea: There are about 600,000 refugees in Guinea. Most of them are from Liberia and Sierra Leone.‚Â ® Tanzania hosts 500,000 Burundi's and refugees from MozambiqueThese are only the five most significant African refugee host countries. Most other African countries also host refugees but this is where the largest part of them is.A typical case study: A political crisis in Burundi:Fights between government forces and armed groups in the area of a refugee camp in Burundi (Mugano) in January 1996 resulted in the mass...